19th century

Love’s Philosophy

Shelley’s playful persuasion argues that nature itself mingles and kisses — so should lovers, by a gentle law divine.

To a Skylark

Shelley’s skylark, pure song in flight, teaches a difficult joy — art that consoles without denying human lack.

Ozymandias

Shelley’s “Ozymandias” unveils the ruins of empire and the irony of power’s impermanence beneath desert sands.

Manfred (Selected Excerpts)

Byron’s alpine closet drama pits solitary will against fate — responsibility without consolation, spectacle without cure.

Prometheus

Byron’s “Prometheus” is a secular hymn to endurance — rebellion transfigured into human strengthening and proud dignity.

Fare Thee Well

A public farewell with private ache, “Fare Thee Well” turns repetition into injured grace during Byron’s marital collapse.

She Walks in Beauty

Byron’s classic lyric celebrates beauty as harmony — a poised balance of dark and bright, surface and soul.

When We Two Parted

A restrained lyric of secrecy and betrayal, “When We Two Parted” turns grief into judgment with tolling simplicity.